17th Jul 2025

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What is the difference between bypass surgery and angioplasty? Dr. S V Praveen, consulted interventional cardiologist working at KIMS Hospital Trivandrum. Heart attack or heart disease happens due to blockage in the blood vessels of the heart. We know the heart is a structure which constantly beats from the time a person is born to his very last breath. So to keep the heart supplied with nutrients and blood to beat there are blood vessels which supply blood to the heart these blood vessels are called the coronary arteries. When a blockage in one or more of these coronary arteries develop, we have heart disease or coronary artery disease. When these blockages are very tight or significant blockage happens we need to treat them. So the treatment can be either by angioplasty or bypass surgery in an angioplasty or a minimally invasive procedure what we actually do!? We put in tubes through the blood vessels of the groin or the hand and through these tubes or catheters we go into the occluded or narrowed blood vessels of the heart, we open up the blocks we put in a stent and that is called an angioplasty it is a minimally invasive procedure. Suppose the blocks are too much too hard or the treating cardiologist fields that the blocks are to be treated not by an angioplasty but by an open surgery we call it a bypass surgery bypass surgery is done by the cardiovascular surgeon.Where we opened the chest by an incision the blocked blood vessels are identified and bypasses or bypass vessels which are often harvested from the leg or inside the chest are put across the block to bypass these blocks and to have good blood flow to the heart. So in short the difference between angioplasty and bypass surgery; in angioplasty the blocks are cleared by putting a stent as a minimally invasive surgery, whereas in bypass surgery the chest is cut open and the multiple blocks are bypassed by graphs.